Anatomy refers to the study of structure. and anatomy of the internet refers to studying the structure of the internet, it can be broadly said that the internet is a network of computer networks. internet brings together these computers through communication media and protocols. it also enables the computers to communicate with one another.
The Major components that define the structure of the internet.
- Internet Services
- Elements of the internet
- Uniform resource locators
- Internet protocols
Internet Service
The internet is a combination of many networks and a large number of databases and other services. the major services offered on the internet are given below.
E-mail (Electronic mail) – This service is started in 1970 that is the most common service on the internet. and it can be used on the old PCs also.
Mailing Lists – This service is started in 1981 that is a group-based messaging service. once subscribed, you would receive mailing list messages via a standard e-mail account. there are currently over 90,000 internet mailing lists.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) – This service is started in 1973 as an internet service designed for transferring files among computers. files are available for downloading on the internet using FTP.
Newsgroups (Usenet) – This service is started in 1979 as a public messaging and “bulletin board” system. it comprises more than 34,000 individual forums, and each one pertains to a specific topic.
World Wide Web (Web, WWW, W3) – This service is started in 1992 and features user-friendly publishing and multimedia documents and files. web pages are created using HTML, JavaScript, and Java.
Most of the services can be accessed by using a web browser such as Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer or Google. web browsers also provide email as well as access to mailing lists.
Elements of the Internet
A simplified hierarchical model of the internet includes client PCs, ever computers, and networks that are composed of both clients and servers.
Client, Servers, and Networks
Client PCs – These are the computers that request information from servers. client computers typically maintain intermittent connections. if your personal computer has access to the internet, it is categorized as a client computer.
Server computers – These are relatively powerful computers with persistent internet connections and can provide data to multiple clients’ computers simultaneously.
Networks – These are composed of one or more server computers and multiple client PCs.
Nodes – Node is a generic term used to describe a client, server, or network that is composed of clients and servers.
Uniform Resource Locators
Uniform resource locators, or URLs, are the unique addresses of internet resources. a URL is divided into four parts.
- Transfer protocol
- Server name
- Directory path
- Filename
Internet protocol
IP is a method by which data is sent from one computer to another over the network. each computer that is connected to the internet has at least one IP address that uniquely identifies this computer from other computers.
and by the term protocol, we mean the set of rules or standards designed to enable computers to be connected with one another and to exchange information among them with one another and to exchange information among them with very little error.
The protocol can describe low-level details of machine-to-machine interfaces like the order in which bits and bytes are sent across a wire or high-level exchange between allocation programs just like the way in which two programs transfer a file across the internet.
- Types of internet layer protocols
- What is Fiber Distributed Data Interface
- What is an Asynchronous Transfer Mode
- Local Area Networks
- Wide Area Networks
