Formula Sheet: Thermal Properties of Matter Class 11 Yashwant Parihar, May 7, 2026May 7, 2026 In the study of Class 11 Physics, the chapter on Thermal Properties of Matter serves as a foundational pillar for understanding how energy interacts with physical substances. This chapter covers critical concepts ranging from thermal expansion, calorimetry, heat transfer and blackbody radiation. For students preparing for board examinations or entrance tests like JEE Main and NEET, having a formula sheet is essential for effective revision. This post provides all the important formulas, definitions, and constant values for Thermal Properties of Matter.Table of Contents Thermal Properties of Matter Formula Sheet1. Basic Concepts and Ideal Gas2. Thermal Expansions4. Heat Capacity5. Principle of the CalorimeterThermal Properties of Matter Formula Sheet1. Basic Concepts and Ideal GasC100=F−32180=K−273100\frac{C}{100} = \frac{F-32}{180}= \frac{K-273}{100}Celsius to Kelvin:T(K)=t(C)+273.15T(K) = t(C) + 273.15Ideal Gas Equation:Pv=nRTPv = nRT2. Thermal ExpansionsLinear Expansion:ΔLL=aLΔT\frac{\Delta L}{L}= a_L \Delta T Where, aL = Coefficient of linear ExpansionsΔ T = Change in TemperatureΔL/L = Fractional change in lengthAreal Expansion:ΔAA=βAΔT\frac {\Delta A}{A} = \beta_A \Delta TWhere, βL = Coefficient of linear ExpansionsΔ T = Change in TemperatureΔA/A = Fractional change in lengthVolume Expansion:ΔVV=γΔT\frac{ \Delta V}{V} = \gamma \Delta TWhere, γL = Coefficient of linear ExpansionsΔ T = Change in TemperatureΔV/V = Fractional change in lengthRelation between them:α=β2=γ3\alpha = \frac{\beta}2 = \frac{\gamma}3Effect of temperature on density:ρ=ρ0(1−γΔT)\rho = \rho_0 (1 – \gamma \Delta T)4. Heat CapacityS=ΔQΔTS = \frac{\Delta Q}{\Delta T}Specific Heat Capacity:s=Sm=ΔQmΔTs = \frac{S}m = \frac {\Delta Q}{m \Delta T}m = mass of substanceMolar Heat Capacity:C=Sμ=ΔQμΔTC = \frac{S}{\mu} = \frac {\Delta Q}{\mu \Delta T}μ = MoleLatent Heat:L=QmL= \frac{Q}{m}Q= Heatm = MassRate of Flow of Heat:H=KAT1−T2LH= KA \frac {T_1-T_2}{L}5. Principle of the CalorimeterHeat loss by one body = Heat gained by the other body.Thermal Resistance:R=LKAR = \frac{L}{KA}K = Thermal ConductivityNewton’s Law of Cooling:dQdt=−k(T2−T1)\frac {dQ}{dt} = -k(T_2-T_1) Formula Sheet Physics Formula Sheet Formula SheetPhysics Formula Sheet