Formula Sheet: Thermodynamics Class 11 Physics Yashwant Parihar, May 11, 2026May 11, 2026 Mastering every thermodynamics formula is the secret to scoring high in your finals and competitive exams like JEE or NEET. Whether you are looking for a comprehensive thermodynamics formula sheet for quick revision or a deep dive into all formulas of thermodynamics physics class 11, you’ve come to the right place.This guide simplifies the complex formulas of thermodynamics class 11 students often struggle with, providing a structured look at thermodynamics physics class 11 formulas from the Zeroth Law to heat engine efficiency. Bookmark this page as your ultimate reference for thermodynamics, all formulas in one organised spot. All the formulas are based on the recent syllabus of NCERT.Table of Contents Physics Thermodynamics Formula Sheet1. Thermal Expansions and Calorimeter2. Laws of Thermodynamics3. Gas Laws and Internal Energy4. Thermodynamic Process5. Second Law and EfficiencyNomenclature: Key to the SymbolsPhysics Thermodynamics Formula Sheet 1. Thermal Expansions and CalorimeterLinear Expansions:ΔL=LoαΔT\Delta L= L_o \alpha \Delta TArea Expansions:ΔA=AoβΔT\Delta A= A_o \beta \Delta TWhere, β = 2αVolume Expansions:ΔV=VoγΔT\Delta V= V_o \gamma \Delta TWhere, γ = 3αHeat Capacity:C=ΔQΔTC = \frac{\Delta Q}{\Delta T}Specific Heat Capacity:s=QmΔTs = \frac{Q}{m \Delta T}Molar Heat Capacity:Cm=QnΔTC_m = \frac{Q}{n \Delta T}Latent Heat:Q=mLQ = mL2. Laws of ThermodynamicsZeroth Law:ifTA=TCandTB=TCthenTA=TBif\: T_A = T_C \: and\: T_B = T_C\: then \: T_A = T_BFirst Law of Thermodynamics:ΔQ=ΔU+ΔW\Delta Q= \Delta U + \Delta WWork Done:W=∫PdVW = \int PdV3. Gas Laws and Internal EnergyIdeal gas equation:PV=nRTPV = nRTInternal Energy:U=12nRtU = \frac12 nRtChange in Internal Energy:ΔU=nCvΔT\Delta U = nC_v\Delta TMayer’s Formula:Cp−Cv=RC_p – C_v = RAdiabetic Index:γ=CpCv=1+2f\gamma = \frac{C_p}{C_v} = 1 + \frac2f4. Thermodynamic ProcessProcess ConditionIsochoricV = constantIsobaricP = constantIsothermalT = constantAdiabeticPVγ = constantCyclicIntial = Final5. Second Law and EfficiencyHeat Engine Efficiency:η=WQ1=1−Q2Q1\eta =\frac {W}{Q_1}= 1 – \frac{Q_2}{Q_1}Carnot Engine Efficiency:η=1−TLTH\eta = 1 – \frac {T_L}{T_H}Refrigerator Coeff. of Performance:β=Q2W=TLTH−TL\beta = \frac{Q_2}{W} = \frac{ T_L}{T_H – T_L}Entropy Change:ΔS=∫dQrevT\Delta S = \int \frac{dQ_{rev}}{T}Nomenclature: Key to the SymbolsPPressureVVolumeTAbsolute TemperaturenNumber of moles of gasRUniversal gas constantQHeat EnergyWWork doneUInternal EnergyLOriginal lengthαCoefficient of linear expansionβCoefficient of area expansionγCoefficient of volume expansion (also used as the Adiabatic IndexsSpecific heat capacityCpMolar heat capacity at constant pressureCvMolar heat capacity at constant volumefDegrees of freedom (e.g., 3 for monatomic, 5 for diatomic)ηEfficiency of a heat engine (pronounced “eta”)Q1Heat absorbed from the source (hot reservoir)Q2Heat rejected to the sink (cold reservoir)T1 or THTemperature of the source (High)T2 or TLTemperature of the sink (Low)βCoefficient of performance (for refrigerators) Formula Sheet Physics Formula Sheet Formula SheetPhysics Formula Sheet